Combined high and low pressure vacuum circulating system for heating apparatus.



Q E. H. CALLAWAY.

COM BlNED HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE VACUUM CIRCULATING SYSTEM FOR HEATINGAPPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED 0cT.10, 1911.

1,183,853. A Patented May'23,1 )16.

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I A I I I U 7 'Zdzfnsses 'Q Q Q a 2 r. V 1 A I a I I E. H. CAL LAWAY. vCOMBINED HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE VACUUM CIRCULATING SYSTEM FOR HEATINGAPPARATUS.

. v APPLICATION FILED OCT-1,I9Il. I 1,1 83,853. Patented May 23,1916.

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lgzlzfizeases WMjn THE COLUMBIA PLANoaRAPl-lcn, WA SHI.NOTON, D. C.

EDWARD I-I. CALLAWAY, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOREO THE AMERICAN o AYMACHINERY COMPANY, or EuoYEus, OHIO, A CORPORATION 0E onro.

COMBINED HIGI-lt AND Low PRESSURE VACUUM CIRCULATING SYSTEM FOR HEATINGAPPARATUS.

Application filed October 10, 1911.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it knownthat I, EDWARD H. GALLA- WAY, a oitizenof the United States,residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Highand Low Pressure Vacuum Circulating Systems for Heating Apparatus, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had therein tothe accompanying drawing.

My present invention relates to certain new and useful improvements incombined high and low pressure vacuum circulating systems for heatingapparatus for brick driers and other purposes,the same having for itsobject economy in the construction and operation of a drying apparatusas well as greater, efficiency and many other desirable characteristics.7

The invention comprises certain novel and useful combinations ofmechanical parts including steam heating pipes and a jet condensingdevice, the latter being so combined and arranged thata certain amountof live steam can be condensed as required to create a vacuum in thesystem, improve the water circulation and secure a great gain ineconomical operation of the apparatus.

The invention may be said, therefore, to consist essentially in thecombination, construction and arrangement of the various parts,substantially as will be hereinafter thought unnecessary to show thewhole of Specification of Letters Patent.

designate.

Patented May 23, 1916.

Serial No. 653,864.

it. One end is delineated at the left in Fig. 1 where I have shown apair of vertical p1pes3, 3,. having'the horizontal pipes 4 connectedthereto, and another pair of vertical pipes 5, 5, having horizontalparallel pipes 6 connected thereto. The vertical columns 8, 3, areconnected at the upper end by a cross pipel having an inlet 2 throughwhich steam is admitted to the pipe rack from the boiler. This steam maybe live steam or exhaust. steam, and it obviously passes into thevertical pipes 3 and then through the horizontal pipes .4 to the otherend of the drier. The returning steam and the water of condensation passthrough the i other series of horizontal pipes 6 into the vertical pipes5. The lower ends of the vertical pipes 3 are provided with pipes 11 and'12, pipe 12 passing out of the lower part of one of the plpes 3, andpipe 11 outv of the lower part of the other pipe 3, the latterconnecting with thepipe 12, which latter runs to the trap 17 andconstitutes oneof the circulating pipes leading to the jet condenser.From the lower end of one of the vertical pipes 5 passes a pipe 13, towhich connects another pipe 14 leading from the lowerv end of the othervertical pipe 5. Obviously, the pipes 14 and 13 receive the waterwhich'is returning from the pipe rack and is in the form of waterofcondensation, and the pipes 13, and .l l'connect with the pipe 15 whichrunsalongside of the pipe 12 and extends to the jet condensing apparatusforming a part of the, circulating system which I am describing, andbymeans of which a vacuum is created.

On one pipe 6 leading to one of the vertical pipes 5 is a short pipe 7which connects with a pipe 8 leadingflto one of the horizontal pipes 6connecting with the. other vertical pipe5, and pipe 8 carries anautomatic air release valve 9 and is'provided with a globe valve 10.ValveilO is closed when the sys; tem is working under 'highpressure,andis' open during low pressure operation. 7 I The upper portions of.the vertical pipes 3 and 5* are connected by the horizontal havingcontrol valves 38 thereon.

pipes 37 The pipe 12 leads to a trap 17, and from the trap 17 runs inthe same directlon as pipe 12, a pipe 12 that enters the lower end ofthe vertical condenser shell 22. The pipe 15 which runs parallel to thepipe 12 does not connect with the trap 17, but enters the condensershell 22 at a point oppo s1te to where the pipe l2 enters it as shown inF 1g. 2. On the pipe 15 is a valve 18, to be closed when the system isoperating under high pressure, near to which is a cross-pipe 30 whichconnects thetwo pipes 12 and 15 and is provided with a valve 31 that isclosed during low pressure operation and open during high. pressure.Furthermore, p1pe 12 is provided with a blow-off pipe 32 having thereina valve 16. A live steam pipe 21 enters the pipe 15 and is provided witha valve 20 by means of which the'supply of live steam to the pipe 15.and to the jet condenser 22 is controlled and regulated. It is obviousthat the pipes 12 and 15 leading from the pipe rack convey the water ofcondensation running from the pipes of said rack and pass this waterinto the lower end of the condenser shell22 whence, it falls into areceiver 2 1, from whence it is removed by a pump 28 through a bottomoutlet pipe 29. It will be understood that by opening the valve 20 inthe live steam pipe 21 a greater or less amount of live steam can beintroduced into the condenser shell 22 a vacuum. 7

.through the pipe 15, the same taking place at the beginning of theoperation and duringthe low pressure action in order, to create Thecondenser shell 22 is simply a short cylindrical section of pipe placedin a vertical position and provided at its upper end with an interiorperforated disk or diaphragm 23. Cold water is supplied through i a pipe34 which enters the upper end of the 7 shell 22. Pipe 34; is providedwith a hand valve 33 which controls the supply of water.

7 On the side ofthe shell 22 is preferably a gage 35.,1119' condensingwater falls through theperforated partition 23 and is sub-divided intoa' small spray that dashes downwardly through the shell 22 and condenseswhatever steammay be found therein entering through pipe 15. The waterof con- 'densatio-n and the condensed steam pass together into thereceiver 24, (although there may be circumstances where such receiver isdispensed with) and the water is removed I directly by means of the pipe29 and pump 28'. W'he-nthe receiver 24; is used I preferably employ afloat valve 25 therein, which i is carried by a pivoted lever 26 whichoperates a valve 27in the steam pipe 36, and

by this means the supply of steam is regulatedand the operation ofthehpump 28 I controlled. the pump being shut down when the water leveldrops to a certain degree and 7 having its operation begin againwhen-the water level rises to the ,point where it is desirable to carryon the pumping.

.V'Vhen the system is operating with low pressure it will be evidentthat the valve 18 in the pipe 15 will be open, and the valve 31 will beclosed. The jet condensing device will then be used whenever it isnecessary by merely opening the valve 20, as I have already said, inorder to allow a certain amount of live steam to enterthe shell 22. henthe system is operating'under a high steam pressure, however, any supplyof steam through the pipe 21 will not be needed, and consequently thepipe 15 will be cut out by closing the valve 18 and opening the valve31, in which case the water of condensation will all reach the condenserthrough the pipe 12 from the trap 17 after it has been delivered to saidtrap by means of the pipe 12.

I will now describe the operation of my improved high and low pressurevacuum system and point out how it is convertible from low pressure tohigh pressure and vice versa. Obviously, the steam which is supplied tothepipe rack through the pipe 2 may be live steam direct from the boileror it may be exhaust steam. It will be exhaust steam during the day timewhen the engine is running, but at night live steam will be used.Further, the introduction of live steam into the condensing chamber 22,and the bringing of it under the action of spraying water in order tocreate a vacuum,

within the condenser by the shower of water falling through theperforated partition 23 will condense the steam andthereby create avacuum, the effect of which will be felt through the whole system, andthis will draw the steam, either live steam or exhaust steam, as thecase may be, throughout all of the pipes of the pipe rack, and the other1 pipes of the system. At this time obviously,

the system will be operating as a low pressure system, the valve 18 willbe open, and the valve 31 in the connecting pipe 30 will be closed.After the low pressure system has operated a suflicient length of timeto have the whole system properly filled, as shown by asteam gage at 36on the pipe rack, the jet condensing device can be cut out by closingthe valve 18 and opening the valve 31, and thus the. system will bechanged from a low pressure to a high pressure system. Of course it canbe changed back to a low pressure system whenever required. Thus Imaintain the advantages of a combined high pressure and low pressuresystem to create the required vacuum. My system dispenses with thenecessity of the vaccum pump and the expensive traps and otherappurtenances commonly employed, for I am able to create all therequired vacuum in a short time by the simple utilization of live steamintroduced to the condenser at the beginning of the operation when thecondensation takes place. The convertible character of the system fromlow pressure to high pressure is exceedingly valuable, for I am enabledto secure at one time all the advantages of a low pressure operation andat other times those of a high pressure operation, and I again emphasizethe point of using live steam and condensing it to form a vacuum insteadof using the expensive pumping systems heretofore commonly employed.

The trap 17 needs very little description because it is a well knownfactor insteam distribution. It is so placed that the water ofcondensation flows into it by gravity from the pipe 12. \Vhen the valve19 at the top of the trap is closed the discharge from the trap is shutoff and it remains so until the float within the trap at 36 becomesnearly filled from the overflow of water into it, when its weightbecomes such that it overcomes the tendency of an inner discharge valve(not shown) to remain closed, being held there by steam pressure, and itdrops to the bottom thereby opening a discharge valve. The valve actionis purposely intermittent.

Although my invention is primarily designed for use with brick dryingapparatus, yet it is evident that it has a wider application and may beeasily applied to many different kinds of heaters, as, for example, theheating of houses. The introduction of a greater or less amount of steaminto the con.- denser and the condensation of such steam enables thesystem to be operated in such a way that great economy is obtained, andsimplicity and effectiveness characterize the entire system, therebyproducing the best re sults in practice.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim asnew and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. In a heating apparatus, the combinationwith heating surfaces, of means for supplying steam to said surfaces, ajet condensing means, means comprising pipes for removing the water ofcondensation from said surfaces and carrying it to the condenser, meansfor admitting through one of said pipes a quantity of live steam to thecondenser to be condensed therein for the purpose of creating a vacuumin the system, a trap on one of said pipes, and a receiver into whichthe water passes from the,

condenser, together with an automatic pump for removing the waterfromthe receiver, the whole combined and arranged to operate either as alow pressureor a high .pressure system. 7

2; In a heating apparatus, the combination with radiator means, of a etcondenser, pipes for leading the water of condensation into sardcondenser, means for admit- 8. In a heating apparatus, the combina-'tion of a pipe rack, means comprising pipes leading to the condenser forremoving the water of condensation from said rack, and means foradmitting steam into the pipes of the rack, a condenser shell, means forshutting ofl one of the pipes leading from the condenser to the rackwhen the high pressure system is employed, means for admitting a greateror less amount of live steam into the condenser shell when the apparatusis to be operated under low pressure, and a receiver for receiving thewater of condensation and the condensed steam from the condenser, meansfor removing water from the receiver, and means for introducingcondensing water into the shell so as to condense the steam and create avacuum.

4;. In a heating apparatus, the combination with steam distributionpipes, of a jet condensing device comprising a shell, means foradmitting live steam into it, and means for condensing said live steamto create'a vacuum, the whole combined and arranged so that theutilization of the condensing device may be had when the appa ratus isoperating under low pressure, means for cutting out said condensingdevice when the apparatus is operating'at high pressure, together with areceiver for removing the water of condensation from the condensershell, and an automatic pump for removing the water from the receiver.

5. 'In a heating apparatus, the combination of heating surfaces, meansfor supplying steam thereto, a jetcondenser, pipes' leading from theheating surfaces for removing the water of condensatlon and conveying itto the condenser, a trap on one of said pipes, means for admitting live,

steam in the other'of said pipes so that it may pass into the condenserwhen the apparatus is to be operated under low pressure, means forintroducing condensing water into the condenser so as to condense the Intestimony whereof I afiix my signature steam and create a vacuum, andmeans for 1n presence of two Witnesses.

cutting out said condensing device when the apparatus is operating athigh pressure, to- EDWARD CALLAWAY 5 gether with a receiver forreceiving water WVitnesses:

from the condenser, and means for remov- JEANNETTE SToRK,

ing' Water from said receiver. L. S. PERRINE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cent: each, by addressingthe "Commissioner of Patent:, Washington, D. 0."

